This layer contains leukocytes leuko white, the white blood cells that act in various ways to protect the body, and platelets, cell fragments that help stop bleeding. Erythrocytes red blood cells rbcs leukocytes white blood cells wbcs platelets not actually cellsclotting factors 3 plasma liquid part of blood. Myeloid blood producing tissue is found in the red bone marrow located in the spongy bone. In nonmammalian vertebrates, however, there are some key differences. Blood accounts for 7% of the human body weight, with an average density around 1060 kgm 3, very close to pure waters density of kgm 3. Oct 07, 2017 class note on composition and functions of blood. Blood plasma is essentially a solution aqueous, slightly denser than water, with 91% water, 8% protein and trace amounts of other materials.
The baby blood type chart is a bit more detailed and allencompassing about blood medicine. Composition of blood 5 litre 55% plasma 45% cellular components composition of blood blood is slightly denser and approximately 34 times more viscous than water, blood consists of cells which are suspended in a liquid. Once the microbe is engulfed, the leukocyte releases an enzyme that then digests the microbe. The minimum sample volume per tube in the closedvial mode is 1ml with the proper proportion of blood to anticoagulant. Solid media generally contain agar at a concentration of 1. Blood work screenplay by brian helgeland based on the novel. Hence the blood has the task of assuring the exchange of substances.
Aubuchon, md dartmouthhitchcock medical center terry gernsheimer, md university of washington for the clinical transfusion medicine committee aabb may 15, 2006. Red blood cells erythrocytes, containing hemoglobin for transport of oxygen and. Normal blood pressure for upper limit in adult is 100140 systolic and the lower limit 6080 diastolic when a person is having 140 mm systolic and above 90 mm diastolic pressure. Serum includes all proteins not used in blood clotting. Plasma the plasma is the light yellow liquid portion of the blood and is about 90% water. Formed elements are the cellular components of the blood, and the liquid part is plasma.
Introduction blood cancer represents a large group of different malignancies. With regard to blood transfusion, cooperation among member states started back in the 1950s. Hetasep is an erythrocyte aggregation agent used to quickly separate nucleated cells from red blood cells rbcs in. Know the abo and rh systems for blood typing and their clinical significance. It transport everything that must be carried from one place to another within the body. The venous blood normally has a lower ph than the arterial blood because of presence of more car. We will explore the parts that make up the solid and liquid portions of. As a person ages much of this marrow becomes fatty and ceases production. Composition, functions, transfusion and blood group. Blood is a mobile connective tissue composed of a fluid, the plasma and the cells, the blood corpuscles. The remaining strawcoloured fluid is 9092 percent water, but it contains critical solutes necessary for sustaining health and life. The composition and use of plasma components ira a.
Anatomy chapter 10 composition and functions of blood. Plasma is derived when all the blood cellsred blood cells erythrocytes, white blood cells leukocytes, and platelets thrombocytesare separated from whole blood. Avian haematology avian blood is a sticky bright red coloured fluid, it represents about 6. But it retains stem cells and can be called on to regenerate and produce blood cells later in an emergency.
The next type of blood cell is the leukocyte, also known as white blood cells or wbcs. This leukocyte secretes histamine which is released during inflammatory reactions, and produces heparin which is used as a blood anticoagulant to prevent blood clots. If youre studying the composition of blood and want to test your current knowledge, feel free to take this short quiz or complete the accompanying printable worksheet. Plasma, which is the fluid component that contains the different blood cells and substances of whole blood, represents 55 percent of whole blood. This group includes cancers of the bone marrow, blood, and lymphatic system, which includes lymph nodes, lymphatic. Usually serum is obtained by allowing whole blood to clot in glass see contact activation, and then removing all the cells, and the clot, by centrifugation. Plasma is the fluid part of the blood, with all its clotting mechanisms intact and ready to go.
Because two proteins are involved, there are four possible combinations or blood types abo groups. Blood composition of blood 1 plasma plasma makes up 55% of blood. Blood and blood components safety, quality, training and. Rishi is a pediatric infectious disease physician and works at khan academy. Not all racial and ethnic groups have the same mix of these blood types.
When an anticoagulated sample of blood is allowed to stand in a narrow tube, on settling it separates into two major components the cellular part blood cells or corpuscles and the fluid part blood plasma check out the composition of blood and brief description. Blood also fights infection and regulates temperature. Objectives characteristics of blood composition of blood. The blood type donation chart is an easytouse reference for donors and recipients to determine their abo blood type compatibility. Blood work screenplay by brian helgeland based on the novel by michael connelly first revision march 9, 1998. Unfortunately, a few cell illustrations are not available at this time but will be added. Blood functions of blood transporting nutrients respiratory gases waste products distributing body heat components of blood a type of connective tissue formed elements living blood cells plasma nonliving fluid matrix.
Cellular components 99% red blood cells, with white blood cells and platelets making up the remainder. Blood types the blood and tissue center of central texas. Apr 10, 2012 powerpoint on the composition of blood notes on the slides are the points to add to the pictures of the blood cells. Blood is made up of multiple components, including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Use hetasep or ammonium chloride solution to obtain nucleated cells from blood samples.
Shulman, md university of southern california james p. These are members of our bodys defense team since they protect us from invading bacteria and other pathogens. Remove erythrocytes from whole blood samples with easysep rbc depletion reagent or easysep red blood cell lysis buffer. The cardiovascular system and lymphatic system work in tandem. Know the different types of blood transfusions and their complications transfusion reactions.
Figure shows that the most descended are erythrocytes the volume of erythrocytes in a sample of blood is called the hematocrit. Hematology and blood bank technique module composition of blood and normal erythropoiesis hematology and blood bank technique 6 notes to prevent injury from sharp items zuse and dispose of needles, scalpels and other sharp items carefully. It contains erythrocytes, leucocytes, thrombocytes platelets and plasma the volume percentage of all blood cells in the whole blood is about 45% of adults hematocrit. From the onset, the activities were inspired by the following guiding principles. Here is what we have learned from introduction to blood. Although wbcs are officially blood cells, they do most of their work outside of the blood stream, in the tissue. Blood is a suspension of blood elements erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in blood plasma. Blood biochemical evaluations are also gradually becoming a routine practice for determining health status in fish 7 9, and only a few normal values for small number biochemical parameters have been established for some teleosts 10. An average adult person contains 5 to 6 liters of blood in his body. Of one blood, or the hidden self, from the colored american magazine 19021903. If you are curious and interested to know more the indepth science of your blood, that chart is. Plasma is a solvent that transports dissolved materials such as glucose, amino acids, urea, hormones plasma also carries heat around the body. Blood, fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products. Spin down your blood and find out what its made up of.
Blood vessels blood transport of nutrients, hormones, oxygen, waste, carbon dioxide. Sticky,opaque fluid with a metalic taste,color varies from scarlet red to dark red,tempature is 38c,accounts for 8% body weight,average volume 56l for males and 45l for females. William harvey 15781657 was discoverer of process of the blood circulation in 1628. It may be defined as blood plasma without fibrinogens. The blood enters the left ventricle, where it is pumped out through.
The blood specimenprocessing technologist initially processes the tube by taking off whole blood for various tests. Normal platelet count is 150,000400,000drop of blood platelets help stop blood loss from damaged vessels by forming a platelet plug. The blood flows into the left atrium, then through the bicuspid mitral valve. Composition of blood plasma water dissolved solutes formed elements erythrocytes leukocytes. Hematology and blood bank technique module composition of blood and normal erythropoiesis hematology and blood bank technique 2 notes definitive hematopoiesis begins a little later from the mesodermal tissue located in the aortagonadmesonephros region and the cell giving rise to all haematopoietic elements is the hematopoietic stem cell hsc.
Indications for transfusion include symptomatic anemia causing shortness of breath, dizziness, congestive heart failure, and. The thick, red fluid that flows through the bodys blood vessels and transports gases, nutrients, wastes, and other important substances around the body. The process of tissue factor initiated blood coagulation is discussed. The average adult has a blood volume of roughly 5 litres 11 us pt or 1. Blood types a blood group or blood type is based on the presence or absence of two proteins a, b on the surface of red blood cells. Upon completion of this course, the healthcare provider should be able to. Several of the clotting proteins are absent in serum. The venous blood normally has a lower ph than the arterial blood because of presence of more carbon dioxide. Composition of blood and its functions functions of. Let us study in detail about the composition and function of blood, its components, blood transfusion, blood pressure, and blood group. Blood, which consists of cells and cell fragments suspended in an intercellular matrix, is one of the connective tissues in the body.
Reactions of the blood coagulation cascade are propagated by complex enzymes containing a vitamin kdependent serine protease. Consideration of blood serum biochemical parameters of. Blood elements can be separated from blood plasma using centrifugal force. Formed elements 45%, i red blood cells erythrocytes. It transports gases oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc.
This leukocyte is the second most common wbc, and help protect the body against infection by producing antibodies that attack and destroy cells. Red blood cells of nonmammalian vertebrates are flattened and ovoid in form, and retain their cell nuclei. Circulatory system blood composition and function dr. Composition of blood chapter 17 flashcards quizlet. List 4 types of progenitor cells that produce blood cells.
Blood is the most important transport medium in the human body. Blood composition powerpoint white blood cell granulocyte. Blood serum biochemical data are used routinely in health care of humans and domestic animals. Cereals highly beneficial neutral avoid not well tolerated by type o. Rbcs enter the blood at a rate of about 2 million cells per second. Vindya rajakaruna mbbs colombo functions of platelets in the absence of vessel damage, platelets are repelled from each other and from the endothelial lining of vessels the repulsion of platelets from an intact endothelium is believed to be due to prostacyclin produced with in the endothelium damage to the endothelium of vessels leads to. Review sheet blood name lab timedate composition of blood 1. The composition of blood consists of various components, such as plasma, white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. Start studying anatomy chapter 10 composition and functions of blood. Blood is a fluid connective tissue that consists of plasma, blood cells and platelets.
Cardiovascular system components of the cardiovascular. Blood fluid connective tissue functions include transporting dissolved gases, nutrients, hormones, and metabolic wastes regulating ph and ion composition of interstitial fluids restricting fluid loss at injury sites defending the body against toxins and pathogens regulating body temperature by absorbing and redistributing heat. It is limited to the material covered in the lectures and laboratory sessions. The table shows the composition of blood entering and leaving the lungs. Once arrived at the scene, most white blood cells destroy invading microbe by phagocytocis a form of endocytosis.
This lesson is going to cover the materials of which blood is composed. Blood physiology blood is the the river of life that surges within us. The total amount of blood in humans varies with age, sex, weight, body type, and other factors, but a rough average figure for adults is. It circulates throughout our body delivering oxygen and nutrients to various cells.
Plasma is a mixture of many vital proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, salts, hormones, enzymes, antibodies, urea, dissolved gases and inorganic substances such as sodium, potassium, calcium chloride, carbonate, and bicarbonate. Tutorial blood cell morphology a clinical pathology 201. Components and functions of blood among all of the bodys tissues, blood is unique. I refilled my pipe and poured out a cup of strong southern wine. Upper limit of blood pressure is called systolic pressure and responsible for movement of fresh blood in the arteries. Blood composition powerpoint free download as powerpoint presentation. The presentation of illustrative cells in this module is by no means a comprehensive study of blood cells. Hispanic people, for example, have a relatively high number of os, while asian people have a relatively high number of bs. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Promotes weight gain and interfere with metabolic health wheat germ, amaranth, barley, buckwheat. Hematology study of blood and components composition of blood plasma. Human blood is typical of that of mammals, although the precise details concerning cell numbers, size, protein structure, and so on, vary somewhat between species. The blood flows to the lungs, where co2 is dropped off and o2 is acquired.
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